Haematology

Blood is often referred to as the most valuable fluid. Its role is to transport nutrients and oxygen throughout the body, thereby ensuring the functioning of the entire organism.

Blood disorders can affect red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets or clotting factors in the blood. A hematologist also deals with the processes of blood formation in the bone marrow and blood cancers.

• Anemia is caused by a lack of red blood cells or red blood pigment - hemoglobin.
• Coagulopathies - blood clotting disorders. These are conditions with excessive bleeding (hemophilia A, B), or conversely an increased risk of clot formation (thrombophilia, von Leiden)
• Bone marrow disorders (Leukemia - cancer of white blood cells, Myeloma, Myelodysplastic syndrome) 

The haematologist (Clinical Haematologist) provide medical consultation with the patient (information about diseases, medications, surgeries and hospital stays), examine and measure blood pressure and pulse.

The basic examination is a blood test for a complete blood count, which provides information about:

• Red blood cell count, blood pigment, hematocrit, average blood cell volume
• White blood cell count, differential count
• Number of platelets (thrombocytes)
• Hemostasis parameters, also prothrombin complex, thrombophilic factors, antiphospholipid antibodies
• Blood group (groups A, B, 0, AB), Rh factor and other factors

Clinical Haematologist performes also bone marrow puncture (sample collection - aspiration and biopsy). As well as immunophenotyping and genetic testing.

A haematologist treats patients with blood diseases:

• Indicates and performs chemotherapy for blood cancer
• Performs bone marrow transplantation
• Sets up anticoagulant therapy and prevents thrombosis
• Supports blood formation (iron, erythropoietin)
• Supports immunity

Patients with hematological disease must be often monitored in long-term care (dispensary) with regular check-ups.